The 1800s

Rafa: Mom, the Civil War was against Mexico, right? That's how they got Texas.

Lupe: Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.

Rafa: Easy! The Mexican war. North is the U.S., South is Mexico.

Lupe: Mmm… The Mexican War?

Rafa: … Not that one?

Grandpa: Rewind.

Grandpa: In eighteen oh three, the United States bought the Louisiana Territory from France.

Grandpa: In those years there were several wars: the War of eighteen twelve, the Mexican-American War, the Civil War and the Spanish-American War.

Grandpa: The Civil War was between the North and the South. And that war ended slavery.

Grandpa: The president was Abraham Lincoln. With the Emancipation Proclamation he freed the slaves, and he saved the Union.

Grandpa: Then came the Fourteenth Amendment: everyone born here, or naturalized, is a citizen.

Grandpa: And women fought too: Susan B. Anthony fought for women's right to vote.

Grandpa: Okay, like at the interview. What U.S. war ended slavery?

Rafa: The Mexican War!

Grandpa: Rafa! That was a different one. North against South… Lupe?

Lupe: The Civil War.

Grandpa: Good. Another one: What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?

Lupe: Louisiana.

Rafa: They bought a whole territory? With what money?

Grandpa: With a lot of it, kiddo. And it was much bigger than today's state.

Lupe: Your turn, mijo, you were born here: What amendment says all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are U.S. citizens?

Rafa: Mmm… The Fourteenth Amendment?

Grandpa: That's it, kiddo. That amendment is why you're a citizen.

Lupe: My seventh stamp in the passport!

Grandpa: Seven out of twenty, Lupe. We're past a third of the way.

Grandpa: Now, your ear. Listen to the officer, answer out loud… then repeat after me.

Officer: Name the U.S. war between the North and the South.

Grandpa: The Civil War. the SIV-ul WOR.

Officer: Abraham Lincoln is famous for many things. Name one.

Grandpa: Freed the slaves. FREED the SLAYVZ.

Officer: What territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?

Grandpa: Louisiana. loo-ee-zee-AN-uh.

Officer: What amendment says all persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are U.S. citizens?

Grandpa: Fourteenth Amendment. for-TEENTH uh-MEND-ment.

Officer: Name one leader of the women's rights movement in the 1800s.

Grandpa: Susan B. Anthony. SOO-zun BEE AN-thuh-nee.

Officer: Name one war fought by the United States in the 1800s.

Grandpa: Mexican-American War. MEK-sih-kun uh-MER-ih-kun WOR.

Lupe: Lincoln, the Civil War, and the Fourteenth Amendment!

Grandpa: And Louisiana, Lupe. Say them out loud every day.

Rafa: Okay, okay… the Mexican war was a different one. Got it.